Governing Equations

Supersaturation Index:
  SI = C_dissolved / C_equilibrium
  SI > 1 → thermodynamic supersaturation
  SI > 3 → high risk of precipitation

Amorphous Solid Dispersion (ASD):
  Solubility_enhancement = 5–20× base solubility
  Sustained supersaturation via polymer matrix

Co-solvent (e.g., ethanol, PEG 400):
  log S_mix = Σ fi · log Si
  fi = volume fraction of component i

Surfactant (Tween 80, Cremophor):
  CMC-based micellar solubilization
  S = S_aqueous + k · (Csurf - CMC)

Salt Formation:
  pH-dependent solubility: S = S0 · (1 + 10^(pH - pKa))

Predicted Fa (Biorelevant):
  Fa = f_dissolution · f_permeability
  f_diss = min(1, S_enhanced · 250 / Dose)
  f_perm = 1 - exp(-2 · Peff / 5)